Prostate-Specific Antigen PSA Level: Normal, Elevated, and Prostate Cancer
Introduction
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by cells in the prostate gland. The PSA test measures the level of PSA in the blood to check for prostate cancer or other prostate problems.
Normal PSA Levels
The normal range for PSA levels varies depending on age. In general, the normal range for men under 50 years old is less than 2.5 nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL). For men 50 years old and older, the normal range is less than 4.0 ng/mL.
Elevated PSA Levels
Elevated PSA levels can be caused by a number of factors, including:
- Prostate cancer
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
- Prostatitis
- Recent ejaculation
- Medications
- Exercise
Implications for Prostate Cancer
While elevated PSA levels can be a sign of prostate cancer, it is important to note that not all men with elevated PSA levels have prostate cancer. Further evaluation, such as a digital rectal exam or biopsy, is necessary to confirm a prostate cancer diagnosis.
Conclusion
PSA testing is a valuable tool for the early detection of prostate cancer. However, it is important to understand the limitations of the test and to consult with a healthcare professional to interpret the results and determine the best course of action.
Comments